Brain Network Changes in Depression: Frontostriatal Salience Network Expansion

How does depression change brain networks?

Depression expands the brain’s salience network in regions that control attention and emotions, fundamentally reorganizing brain connectivity. This explains why people with depression struggle with focus, decisions, and emotional control. Key changes:

• Network expansion - salience network grows abnormally large
• Attention problems - affects brain regions controlling focus
• Emotional processing - disrupts areas managing emotions
• Decision-making difficulties - impacts regions involved in choices

Depression significantly expands the brain’s salience network, particularly in frontostriatal regions that control attention and emotional processing. This network expansion represents a fundamental reorganization of brain connectivity that may explain why people with depression struggle with attention, decision-making, and emotional regulation.

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Weakened Brain Network Connectivity in Adolescent Depression

How does depression affect teenage brain networks?

Adolescent depression weakens communication between brain networks responsible for attention and self-reflection, making it harder to switch between internal thoughts and external focus. A neuroimaging study of 30 adolescents with depression and 32 healthy controls found that key brain regions showed reduced ability to regulate each other’s activity.

Depression disrupts communication between the salience network (which filters important information) and the default mode network (active during self-reflection), explaining why depressed teenagers struggle with attention and get trapped in negative thought patterns.

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